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The Origin of Life Scientific Theories dead

How did life on our planet? Throughout the history of mankind there has been any people who have managed to avoid questions about why and how life arose on our planet. Every culture, every religion, has developed its own answer to that nagging question of which man has ever escaped. And is that still the answer is uncertain, and are various theories, both scientific and religious, which flow trying to resolve the mysterious unknown.

In antiquity, the most commonly accepted theory was undoubtedly that of "spontaneous generation." This theory argued that living things arose from inorganic or organic substances in decomposition. An example of this theory is found in the statement of Van Helmont in the seventeenth century in which he stated that the mice born of old, wet rags that were stored in the attic. Incredibly, this theory continued in force until the nineteenth century with many followers.

The first to question the theory of "spontaneous generation" scientific methods was the physician Francesco Redi in the second half of the seventeenth century. Redi demonstrated against the widespread view that the flies were born in the putrefaction of meat, which insects born in such places only if you previously had deposited their eggs. Still, even experiments with bacteria by Pasteur (XIX century), in which he demonstrated that living organisms arise only from another living organism, the theory of "spontaneous generation" was not fully refuted.

Currently there are two theories that are more accepted as an explanation for the emergence of life on our planet.

• The first theory claims that life was brought to Earth by meteorites from outer space. Actually this argument does not end solve the question of how it arises life, as it simply says that life is found elsewhere in the universe and our planet came unexpectedly.

• The second theory is that it is harder today. Was developed by the Russian biochemist Alexander Oparin and Haldane scientific colleague, and more recently by the American Harold Urey. According to these scientists the atmosphere of early Earth was comprised mostly of methane, ammonia and water vapor. The lack of oxygen in the atmosphere made us there is no shield for the most active part of solar radiation, so that ammonia, methane and water vapor react with each other due to ultraviolet radiation and thus arose the first organic molecules of which would result after all living organisms.

No doubt this issue will not leave us never to fascinate and future generations will continue to seek the ultimate answer to dilute the mists that hang over the origin of the greatest miracle of the universe: life.

Source:
http://www.mascultura.com/misterios/86-teoria-origen-vida.html

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originally humans interacting with nature has been questioned about the phenomena that occur constantly. In order to understand and try to manipulate these "events" are formulated theories, which can be considered as "truths" until proven otherwise, once defined if it is indeed false, it is discarded, but if true it becomes law.

A clear example of a theory "dead" or discarded, is claiming that the Earth was flat or the geocentric theory of Ptolemy and beyond the second century BC, which was accepted in his time until Copernicus proved that claimed; commenting that the Sun was the body that is located in the "center" of the Solar System, this occurred in the mid-sixteenth century.

Another theory was rejected so-called "theory of the ether." The physical theory of the late nineteenth century postulated that, like the waves and sound are waves need a medium to transport (like water or air), light will also need a medium called "ether." As the speed of light is so great, design an experiment to detect the presence of ether was very difficult.

The purpose of Michelson and Morley was to measure the relative speed at which the Earth moves relative to the ether.

Each year the Earth travels a tremendous distance in its orbit around the Sun at a speed of 30 km / s (100,000 km / h). It was believed that the direction of "ether wind" with respect to the position of our star vary as measured from Earth, and so could be detected. For this reason, and to avoid the effects that could cause the sun in the "wind" as it moves through space, the experiment should be conducted at various times of the year.

The effect of ether wind on light waves would be like a flowing river on a swimmer who moves for or against it. At times the swimmer would be slowed and in other driven. This is what I thought would happen to the light to reach Earth in different positions with respect to the ether, should arrive with different speeds. The key is that round trip, the speed difference is very small, the order of a millionth of a millionth of a second. However, Michelson, very experienced with the measurement of the speed of light, devised a way to measure this minimal difference.

Ironically, after all this preparation, the experiment was flawed, but successful. Instead of showing the properties of ether, there was no change in speed of light and, therefore, any effects that the "ether wind" had to produce. The device behaves as if there were "ether wind." This remarkable result could not be explained by the theory of waves existing at the time. Many explanations were attempted, such as the Earth somehow dragged himself ether, but they all turned out to be incorrect.

Ernst Mach was among the first physicists to regard the outcome of the experiment was appropriate and suggested a new theory. The investigations initiated as a result of the experiment led to a consistent alternative theory, the Lorentz contraction, which explained the null result obtained. The development of this theory led to Einstein's special relativity.

Source:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimento_de_Michelson_y_Morley